Sunday 28 September 2014
Catching Rays
Abstract
The objective: Our project objective is to determine which of 3 materials--rubber, aluminum, and copper--would be the optimum solar energy collector. We chose to
do an experiment regarding solar energy because (based on current non-renewable resource consumption levels) coal, gas, and oil reserves are low and will disappear
completely very soon. This will require the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy.
Methods/Materials
We chose 3 common building materials and used these as our variables. We first went to hardware stores to obtain the materials for the collector (a shallow box
with a removable, transparent lid). We also acquired Styrofoam to insulate the collector and a sensitive thermometer to record the temperature inside the collector and
the ambient air. We then researched the conduction levels of each material and created a hypothesis. We believed that copper would be the most efficient collector of
solar heat. Our method entailed measuring the temperature inside the collector every 5 minutes for 30 minutes with 1 of the 3 materials inside. A complete cycle of the
experiment was finished when all 3 variables were tested. We ran our experiment 4 times, each time noting weather conditions and time of day. Then we compared our data
to our hypothesis.
Results
Our results were extremely varied. Aluminum had an overall high temperature, but copper was a better conductor. Copper got hot no matter what the weather
conditions or time of day. Aluminum was unpredictable because it would only warm up with hot and sunny weather. Rubber collected a reasonable amount of heat and stored
it for a long time.
Conclusions/Discussion
The results of our experiment only partly supported our hypothesis. Copper did not reach the highest temperature, but overall it was predictable and reliable. To
improve our experimental design, we could use a more accurate thermometer with a larger range and 3 separate collectors. During our experiment, our accurate
thermometer reached its upper limit, so we used a thermometer with a larger temperature range but with less accuracy. With 3 collectors, we could test all 3 materials
at the same time and under the same conditions. With these modifications, our project would be more effective.
The objective of our project is to determine which of three materials--rubber, aluminum, and copper--would be the optimum solar energy collector if placed in the
sun in an insulated box.
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